During Steindler stripping, which structures are released?

• A. Abductor hallucis only
• B. Abductor digiti quinti only
• C. Flexor digitorum brevis and abductor hallucis only
• D. Flexor digitorum brevis, abductor hallucis, and abductor digiti quinti

Answer: (D)

Steindler stripping is a soft-tissue release that frees the proximal origins of key plantar intrinsic muscles from the calcaneus to lessen their tethering of the forefoot. The muscles that originate on the calcaneus and contribute to the plantar arch are abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, and abductor digiti minimi. Releasing all three provides the most complete decrease in plantar intrinsic tension, allowing greater forefoot repositioning and correction of certain deformities. Releasing only one or two would leave residual attachments and less overall effect. That’s why the full release of flexor digitorum brevis, abductor hallucis, and abductor digiti quinti is the correct answer.