Hypoparathyroidism causes which of the following electrolyte changes?

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Multiple Choice

Hypoparathyroidism causes which of the following electrolyte changes?

Explanation:
Understanding how parathyroid hormone controls calcium and phosphate is key. PTH raises serum calcium by increasing bone resorption, increasing calcium reabsorption in the kidneys, and promoting activation of vitamin D to boost gut calcium absorption. It also lowers serum phosphate by increasing its renal excretion. When PTH is deficient in hypoparathyroidism, calcium falls and phosphate rises. So the expected electrolyte pattern is decreased calcium with increased phosphorus. The alternative pattern of decreased phosphorus and increased calcium would reflect excess PTH, not this condition.

Understanding how parathyroid hormone controls calcium and phosphate is key. PTH raises serum calcium by increasing bone resorption, increasing calcium reabsorption in the kidneys, and promoting activation of vitamin D to boost gut calcium absorption. It also lowers serum phosphate by increasing its renal excretion. When PTH is deficient in hypoparathyroidism, calcium falls and phosphate rises. So the expected electrolyte pattern is decreased calcium with increased phosphorus. The alternative pattern of decreased phosphorus and increased calcium would reflect excess PTH, not this condition.

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